People still don't know much about the its symptoms though it is such a frequently-occurring disease. So cancer experts from Royallee cancer center Guangzhou now acquaint you with Colorectal Cancer manifestations.
Contact us now If you want to know what it appears to be. Our intestine cancer experts would love to answer your questions.
Manifestations of Colorectal Cancer?
1. Painless Hematochezia:Painless hematochezia is the major signal that the blood in stool is red or bright red, extremely similar to the symptoms of early internal hemorrhoids(pain caused by venous swelling at or inside the anal sphincter). In later stage, the color of the blood is mostly dark red manifested as stools with blood or stools with pus and blood mixed with fecal mucus. Cancer experts suggest a stool occult blood test or rectal palpation when the blood is discovered.
2. Change in Defecation Habit and Stool Shape:Change in defecation habit is another typical symptom of Colorectal Cancer. The existence and secretion of rectal lump produce enteral irritation and lead to frequent defecation desire, incomplete defecation, and tenesmus(an ineffective painful straining to empty the bowels in response to the sensation of a desire to defecate, without producing a significant quantity of faeces). At the same time, abnormalities in stool shape occur like thinner, flatter or grooved faeces. It is advised to go for endoscopy to eliminate the possibility once the symptom arises.
3. Intestinal Obstruction:As the cancer invades the vicinity of the intestinal wall, the intestinal lumen becomes narrow especially at the junction of rectum and sigmoid colon, making it a breeding ground for hard cancer of stenosis type. That often leads to intestinal obstruction. Besides, patients are often attacked by systemic malignant disease due to long-term chronic exhaustion. They may also suffer from unexplained anemia, emaciation, fatigue and loss of appetite.
Furthermore, the cancer often invades the surrounding tissues and organs like bladder and prostate gland, causing conditions such as frequent micturition(the discharge of urine), urgent micturition and urination difficulty. If the cancer invades the lumbosacral plexus, there will be pain in the sacrococcygeal and lumbar areas. Metastasis to the liver results in hepatomegaly, ascites, jaundice, or even malignant fluid and other manifestations. When the above symptoms arise, you should go for in-depth examinations, e.g., ultrasound scan and CT in time.
If you, your family member or your friend is ascertained with Colorectal Cancer, talk to us immediately. Our experts are always there for you, your family member or your friend.
The early symptoms of Colorectal Cancer are not evident, so it is always neglected and misdiagnosed as "dysentery(an infection of the intestines marked by severe diarrhea)" and "enteritis(inflammation of the intestine, especially the small intestine, usually characterized by diarrhea) by doctors when patients seek medical treatment. However, once intestinal obstruction or palpable abdominal lumps appear, normally the lesion has developed into the advanced and terminal stage. Therefore, it is vital to discern the disease in the first place because a definite diagnosis can improve the outcome of the cancer.
A Glance at the Diagnostic Methods
1.Stool Occult Blood Test:The proliferated tissues of the cancer usually exude a small amount of blood excreted in the stool later. This can be detected through the test. Multiple or persistent positive results indicate chronic bleeding in gastrointestinal tract, which requires further examination and attention to the existence of gastrointestinal tumor.
2.Rectal Palpation: The doctor will wear gloves and apply lubricant to the index finger and anal area, then reach the index finger into the rectum to check whether there is a lump.
3.Endoscopy: Endoscopy is the examination of greatest importance to the diagnosis. Sigmoidoscopy or Fiber colonoscopy is suggested when a person has stools with blood or realizes change in defecation habit but there is nothing wrong in rectal palpation.
(1)Sigmoidoscopy: It takes the shape of a pipe stem with a length of 30cm. This shape makes it convenient for examination and biopsy under direct vision. It applies to observation on the lesion below sigmoid colon.
(2)Fiberoptic Colonoscopy:Its bendable 120-180cm long probe can observe the whole colon. It is also capable of early lesion detection as well as operations like biopsy, electrotomy and electrocoagulation. The examination will be a good choice if nothing is detected by all the aforementioned assessment. Therefore, if any symptoms suspectable to be the disease are discovered, you should have timely examination to ensure earlier diagnosis and treatment.
4.X-ray examination: It includes whole gastrointestinal barium meal examination and barium enema examination, and the latter works better for colon tumor patients. To achieve better results in smaller lesion detection, the intestinal cavity can be injected with gas for barium-gas double-contrast radiography. X-ray examination produces the whole picture of intestinal tract and highlights the presence of multiple polyps and multiple cancer foci.
5.B ultrasound scan, CT or MRI examination:These examinations are not for diagnostic purpose, but they are still helpful for showing the lesion’s location, size, whether the lesion is in vicinity of surrounding tissues and whether the lesion has metastasized to lymph and liver. These enable doctors to formulate evidence-based treatment plan for patients.
6.Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA):Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been a widely used tool and a vital item on the checklist of rectal cancer patients. It is thought to be a reliable way for evaluating treatment outcome and prognosis. Consecutive assay of serum CEA could monitor how patients’ body reacts to surgery or chemotherapy.
Have necessary examinations in credible hospitals to catch up on timely treatment once above conditions are observed.
If you, your family member or your friend is ascertained with Colorectal Cancer, talk to us immediately. Our experts are always there for you, your family member or your friend.
According to the study by American Cancer Center , the staging of Colorectal Cancer and the 5-year survival rate data are as follows:
Colorectal Cancer stage I: 85% - 95%;
Colorectal Cancer stage II: 60%--80%;
Colorectal Cancer stage III: 30%--60%;
Colorectal Cancer stage IV: less than 5%.
It can be noted that tumor staging is closely related to survival rate, and early identification and treatment is essential to improving the survival rate of Colorectal Cancer. Clarified staging helps oncologists better formulate treatment plans and estimate probable treatment outcome.
Consult an oncologist now to get professional treatment advice for Colorectal Cancer in different stages.
TNM Staging
TNM staging is one of the most common tumor staging methods.
T refers to tumor, the size and location of tumor, and indicates as T1~T4 in sequence;
N refers to the lymph nodes (regional lymph nodes) and the extent the lymph nodes around the tumor are invaded. It indicates as N1~N2 in sequence;
M refers to metastasis and the degree the tumor metastasizes to other parts of the body. It indicates as M0~M1 in sequence.
Colorectal Cancer Stages and Treatment Options
The treatment options here only serve as reference and cannot dictate clinical treatment:
- Colorectal Cancer stage 0: Tis (tumor in situ), N0 stage, M0 stage;
Option for Colorectal Cancer stage 0 treatment: Polypectomy during colonoscopy.
- Colorectal Cancer stage I: T1~T2 stage, N0 stage, M0 stage - the tumor invades beyond the mucosa and invades the muscular layer;
Options for Colorectal Cancer stage I: Surgical Removal, Interventional Therapy.
- Colorectal Cancer stage II: T3~T4 stage, N0 stage, M0 stage - tumor invades the serosa(a thin membrane lining the closed cavities of the body; has two layers with a space between that is filled with serous fluid) or surrounding tissues and organs;
Options for Colorectal Cancer stage II: Surgical Removal, Interventional Therapy.
- Colorectal Cancer stage III: any T stage, N1 to N3 stage, M0 stage - The lesion has spread to nearby lymph nodes;
Option for Colorectal Cancer stage III: Interventional Therapy.
- Colorectal Cancer stage IV: any T-stage, any N-stage, M1 stage - metastasis to distant organs is observed;
Options for Colorectal Cancer stage IV treatment plan: Interventional Therapy, Particle Implantation Therapy
- Colorectal Cancer recurrence: Recurrence refers to a lesion that can be found in the colon, rectum or another part of the body.
Options for Colorectal Cancer recurrence: Interventional Therapy, Particle Implantation Therapy.
We are here to provide customized treatment options. Consult expert now or fill out contact form below, we’ll respond to your inquiries as soon as possible.
Treatment options vary based on different stages. Multidisciplinary Team in Guangzhou Royallee Cancer Center provides customized treatment packages for the cancer victims by evaluating their physical status, tumor stages, sizes and locations to ensure an effective treatment with no need for anal resection or artificial anus.
Colorectal Cancer pathology report is essential for oncologists to formulating follow-up treatment plans. However, since it is not as intelligible to professionals as to patients and their families, we have sorted out a list of medical terms in the report for preliminary interpretation.
You can consult experts now to fully understand the content of Colorectal Cancer report, and professional oncologists will be happy to solve your questions.
1. What do we know about cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon or rectum?
These are all the components of the large intestine. The cecum is the starting point of the colon, and the small intestine carries food to the large intestine via the cecum. The ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon are the other parts of the colon below the cecum. The end of the colon is the rectum, where the discarded waste is stored until it is excreted through the anus.
2. What is adenocarcinoma of colon (or rectum)?
Adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that begins with glandular cells that form mucus, basically a lubricant inside the colon and rectum. It is the most typical colon and rectal cancer. Adenocarcinoma accounts for more than 95% of colorectal cancers. Certain subtypes of adenocarcinoma, such as indolent cell adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma, have a poor prognosis.
3. How to interpret TNM staging of colorectal cancer?
TNM staging is one of the most common tumor staging methods.
T refers to tumor, the size and location of tumor, and indicates as T1~T4 in sequence;
N refers to the lymph nodes (regional lymph nodes) and the extent the lymph nodes around the tumor are invaded. It indicates as N1~N2 in sequence;
M refers to metastasis and the degree the tumor metastasizes to other parts of the body. It indicates as M0~M1 in sequence.
Specific stages of Colorectal Cancer are based on TNM tumor staging.
4. How to understand invasive cancer?
Invasive cancers are what we call true cancers because they can proliferate to other parts of the body. Infiltration signifies invasion and infiltration from the site of occurrence to a deeper place.
Note: Infiltrative cancer is usually denoted by T in clinical staging, subdivided into T1, T2, T3 and T4 as the degree of infiltration.
5. What does differentiation mean?
Differentiation is the advancement of cancer, which is based on the degree of abnormality of the cells observed under the microscope. It is usually divided into 3 degrees: highly differentiated (underdeveloped); and poorly differentiated (advanced). Advanced cancers or poorly differentiated cancers tend to grow and proliferate more rapidly.
If you still have questions about the cancer pathology report, you can consult now and our professional oncologists will be happy to solve your questions.
Cancer experts from Guangzhou Royallee Cancer Center reminds that the content above only helps to understand part of the cancer pathology report. Undoubtedly it is necessary to seek a professional oncologist for comprehensive interpretation. In this way, patients can take timely actions and prevent tragedies like erroneous diagnosis and treatment.
Center for Gastrointestinal Tumor Diagnosis & Treatment in Royallee Cancer Center is a leading high-end clinical department in South China. It is a platform that has brought together prestigious experts, advanced technique, cutting-edge equipment, adequately equipped wards and stellar services, obtaining accomplishments in the battles with Colorectal Cancer.
Royallee Cancer Center is equipped with diagnostic equipment such as DSA(Digital Subtraction Angiography), Ultrasound, CT(Computed Tomography), MRI(Magnetic Resonating Imaging), etc., and advanced equipment such as Radio Frequency Therapy Instrument, Microwave Therapy Instrument, and 3D Laparoscope(a slender endoscope inserted through an incision in the abdominal wall in order to examine the abdominal organs or to perform minor surgery) to ensure accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment. On the other hand, clients have easy access to various advanced treatment methods here, such as Minimally Invasive Surgery, Open Surgery, Chemotherapy, Targeting Drug Therapy, Immunobiological Therapy, Radiation Interventional Therapy and Herbal Medicine Therapy to achieve the best results.
Treatment Options of Colorectal Cancer
1.Surgery:Surgery is the main choice for most gastrointestinal tumor sufferers, and some patients are very likely to get cured in early stage.
2.Chemotherapy:Chemotherapy drugs prove to be effective on gastrointestinal tumors. It will disperse to the whole body once it’s injected and remarkably eliminate the visible lesions and micro metastases.
3.Targeted Therapy:Targeted therapy will exert effect on particular genes or gene expression products specific to tumor cells, and deliver precise blows to tumor cells while little damage to normal cells.
4.Immunotherapy: Biological immunotherapy is an innovative treatment for malignant tumors, which aims to activate the human immune system and kill cancer cells and tumor tissues by human immune function.
5.Interventional Therapy:Tumor interventional treatment includes tumor artery embolism and arterial infusion chemotherapy. In addition, various types of ablation can directly channel energy into the center of tumor via a puncture needle to cause local necrosis.
6.Nutritional Support Therapy:Patients could receive nutritional support by enteral or parenteral means or both of them together. In severe cases, it not only serves to supply nutrition, but also to alleviate the condition.
7.Herbal Medicine Treatment:Herbal medicine can slow the progress of Colorectal Cancer. Combined with surgery, radiotherapy and other treatment methods, it helps patients sustain lengthy treatment process, reduces toxicity and increase effectiveness, reduce clinical symptoms and prolong survival duration.
Nowadays Colorectal Cancer patients have multiple treatment options, but it’s the best only when it fits you most. Multidisciplinary consultation in Royallee Cancer Center is available for all patients who are looking for treatment packages that fit them. If you are beset by Colorectal Cancer, please contact us and our prestigious experts of GI(Gastrointestinal) Tumor Center will evaluate your condition and offer advice promptly.
Rehabilitation of Colorectal Cancer requires not only a complete treatment plan, but also meticulous nursing services. In Guangzhou Royallee Cancer Center, for patients with Colorectal Cancer, personalized treatment plans are provided through multidisciplinary consultation, and a full range of nursing services are also provided. Postoperative nursing care of Colorectal Cancer mainly includes: health education, diet care, fistula care, psychological care, etc.
I. Health education:Scientific health education can help patients and their families master the relevant knowledge of Colorectal Cancer, as well as dietary guidance and daily home care after discharge from the hospital. For the education it uses plain and easy-to-understand language to tell patients the do’s and don’ts about diet and stoma care after discharge from the hospital.
II. Diet care:Postoperative patients usually need to fast for 4 days. After the intestinal peristalsis is restored and air bubbles are removed from the artificial anus, a liquid diet can be properly taken. 14 days later, patients can go back to general diet with with low residue while keeping in mind that feed themselves with small meals and something easy to digest, and steer clear of alcohol, beverages, and the foods that are strongly irritating to the gastrointestinal tract and easily produce gas.
1. Eating principles
(1) Eat frequent small meals, with more chewing, and gradual increase of food intake, to ensure no vomiting, no abdominal distension, and smooth defecation.
(2) It is advisable to have 5-6 meals a day. In addition to the regular three meals, an extra meal should be added between each meal. Don’t overeat.
(3) Drink enough water and juice. The water must be boiled, and the fruit must be peeled and washed to make sure it’s clean.
(4) Steer clear of raw, cold hard, spicy and overheated foods.
(5) Have less fried or deep fried foods.
2. Nutritional requirements
Balance portion of meat and vegetables is recommended, supplemented with adequate amounts of protein, vitamins and minerals. If no special medical order is given, there should be no dietary restrictions, and a wide range of foods is recommended such as meat, fish, eggs, beans, cereals, fresh vegetables and fruits. Don't smoke or drink alcohol; don't eat sour, spicy and other irritating foods, and don't eat freezing and overheated foods.
III. Fistula care:Use normal saline that does not irritate the surgical incision to wash and clean the mucosa and skin around the stoma.
IV. Psychological care:The most common psychological problem after surgery is low self-esteem. Teach patients how to use device, clean the anal bag and related materials, and explain in detail the care of the skin around the stoma to avoid dryness and cracks in the skin around the stoma.
In Guangzhou Royallee Cancer Center, doctors have rich clinical experience in the treatment and care of Colorectal Cancer, helping a large number of Colorectal Cancer patients to restore their health. If you are troubled by Colorectal Cancer, please contact us.Our authoritative team of experts will provide you with further evaluation and suggestions as soon as possible.
According to statistics from the World Health Organization, in 2020, there were 1.75 million new cases of Colorectal Cancer worldwide, with an incidence rate of 9.8% ranking third, and a death toll of 790,000, with a mortality rate of 8.9% ranking second in the world. The data is sufficient to confirm that Colorectal Cancer is already a high-risk, high-incidence and high-fatality cancer disease. Can Colorectal Cancer be cured? The minimally invasive technology with less side effects, less trauma, and quick recovery, free Colorectal Cancer patients from resection and artificial anus, preserving the anus and intestine.
If you or your family members or friends have been diagnosed with Colorectal Cancer, please communicate with us immediately. We will invite intestinal cancer experts to evaluate your condition and give detailed treatment recommendations.
Classification of Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal Cancer includes rectal cancer and colon cancer. Colorectal Cancer, according to histology, can be divided into adenocarcinoma (adenocarcinoma accounts for 98% of Colorectal Cancer), mucinous adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, etc.; and according to morphology, mass type (soft cancer), invasive type (scirrhous carcinoma), and ulcer type.
Stages of Colorectal Cancer and 5-year survival rate
Colorectal Cancer of stage I: 85%-95%;
Colorectal Cancer of stage II: 60%--80%;
Colorectal Cancer of stage III: 30%-60%;
Colorectal Cancer of stage IV: less than 5%.
Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Painful traditional treatment techniques-
Surgical resection:great trauma and high risk; some patients have to live with an ostomy bag, and the quality of life is reduced.
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy: serious side effects, such as hair loss, vomiting, etc.
New technology for the treatment of Colorectal Cancer, effectively improving the survival rate-
Minimally invasive technique:2-3 mm incision, less side effects and less pain
Interventional therapy:1-2mm incision, anti-cancer drugs directly into the tumor, the drug concentration is 2-8 times higher than systemic chemotherapy, with less side effects, and it kills cancer cells accurately.
